India and Bangladesh must address climate migration together

Written by Soraya Kishtwari

As there is no clear legal framework whereby governments or international bodies are able to categorise and process migrants displaced by climate change, many struggle in legal limbo.

South Asia9DLApril 8, 20249dashline, 9DL, Soraya Kishtwari, India and Bangladesh Must Address Climate Migration Together, Climate change, UNDP, climate migrant, Climate Crisis, india, Bangladesh, climate change mitigation, climate refugee, Sundarbans, climate governance, migrant crisis, India-Bangladesh relations

Don't expect any breakthroughs in India-Pakistan relations

Written by Syed Ali Zia Jaffery

Lacking confidence and bandwidth, Pakistan’s new government is unlikely to prioritise improving ties with India. If anything, India will be way down the pecking order of its policy actions.

South Asia9DLApril 4, 2024Syed Ali Zia Jaffery, 9dashline, Dont expect any breakthoughs in India-Pakistan relations, India, Pakistan, conflict, cooperation, ceasefire, LoC, Kashmir

The changing dynamics of the Japan-Sri Lanka relationship

Written by Varuna Shankar

Japan provides the opportunity for Sri Lanka to reduce its dependence on China for economic reform, while Sri Lanka provides Japan an opening to penetrate deeper into the South Asian market.

South Asia9DLFebruary 26, 20249dashline, varuna shankar, The changing dynamics of the Japan-Sri Lanka relationship, Japan-Sri lanka relationship, investment, Southeast Asia, Japanese Foreign Minister Yoshimasa Hayash, Japanese Foreign Minister Yoshimasa Hayashi, digital econo, digital economies, MOU on port development, financial crisis, Gotabaya government’s dependence on Chinese financial assistance, 2.9 billion bailout from the IMF, Sri Lanka's strategy, economic freefall, humanitarian crisis, twin deficit, COVID-19 stagnation, tourism industry, Gotabaya administration, Jaya Container Terminal project, Sri Lanka Ports Authority, East Container Terminal, jointly develop the East Container Terminal, Ports Authority, funded by Japan, Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) was cancelled, Japanese-funded light rail transit (LRT) project was suspended, Tokyo and Colombo, India-Sri Lanka bilateral relationship, West Container Terminal, 52 per cent of Sri Lanka’s bilateral debt, Sri Lanka's debt, World Bank, IMF, Japanese Ambassador to India Hiroshi Suzuki, Free and Open Indo-Pacific, Prime Minister Fumio Kishida’s vision, Japanese investments, Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA), Bandaranaike International Airport, viaduct at Bandaranaike International Airport, apanese Maritime Self-Defence Force, connectivity infrastructure in Sri Lanka, devaluation of the local currency, Colombo, investment zones, South Asian market

Pakistan’s election — a primer

Written by Dr Filippo Boni

Pakistan is scheduled to hold its twelfth general election on 8 February, amid a deteriorating security situation in parts of the country, allegations of an uneven playing field against the former Prime Minister Imran Khan and his party, and with China and the United States waiting to find out who will lead the next Pakistani government.

South Asia9DLFebruary 5, 20249dashline, A primer on Pakistan’s elections, Filippo Boni, Pakistan, elections, Nawaz Sharif, Hafizabad, disqualification, general election, deteriorating security situation, uneven electoral playing field, Imran Khan, Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf, PTI, Shah Mahmood Qureshi, state secrets leak, imprisonment, military, Pakistan Muslim League-Nawaz, PML-N, cricket bat logo, electoral candidates, Punjab, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan Peoples Party, PPP, Bilawal Bhutto Zardari, climate change, policy position, electoral campaign, media freedom, Coalition for Free Media, Pakistan Federal Union of Journalists, PFUJ, Council of Pakistan Newspapers Editors, CPNE, Tehreek Taliban Pakistan, TTP, militant groups, Islamic State Khorasan Province, ISKP, Balochistan, separatist militant groups, bilateral crisis, Iran, missile strike, Islamabad, Iran-Pakistan, Iran-Pakistan tensions, borders, US, China, Sino-Pakistani bilateral ties, BRI, CPEC, China-Pakistan Economic Corridor, socio-economic development, military leadership, Afghanistan, President Biden, Shahbaz Sharif, UNGA, US-Pakistan relations, domestic security, regional security

Tilting or balancing: Decoding Muizzu’s foreign policy

Written by Michael Kugelman

Ultimately, like any democratic leader, Muizzu will need to walk a tightrope between foreign policy imperatives and domestic political considerations. A balancing policy abroad will also require one at home.

South Asia, Power Politics9DLFebruary 1, 20249dashline, Tilting or balancing: Decoding Muizzu’s foreign policy, MICHAEL KUGELMAN, Maldives, Mohamed Muizzu, India, China, Beijing, Male, pro-Beijing, Abdulla Yameen, “India Out” movement, India Out, India’s military, corruption, Maldivians, coup, Islamist extremism, Hindu, International Yoga Day, New Delhi, hydrographic surveys, Turkey, Pakistan, Kashmir, Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi, Lakshadweep, Indian tourists, tourism, economic reliance, trade deficit, Chinese research vessel, intelligence, Maumoon Abdul Gayoom, intervened militarily, democracy, development, trade agreement, Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), Maldives-India relations, Ibrahim Mohamed Solih, India First, “India First” policy, cybersecurity, COVID-19 vaccines, trade deal, defence deal, UN climate summit, security cooperation, debt, Climate change, geopolitical, Indian Ocean, Arabian Sea, nationalism, sovereignty, independence, economic dependence, Chinese influence, hedging policy, hedging, great power competition, anti-Modi, sea lanes, EU, disinformation, Maldivian Democratic Party (MDP), People’s National Congress (PNC) party

Kashmir’s youthful aspirants: Politics amidst control and change

Written by Dr Mohd Tahir

The post-Article 370 political landscape shifted political discourse within Kashmir from one of self-rule to development. While this shift is a matter of political expediency for local leaders in the context of the restrictive political environment, it has also opened a window of opportunity for many emerging young Kashmiri leaders.

BIMSTEC revival: A compelling alternative to the BRI in the Bay of Bengal

Written by Eve Register

It will be important for BIMSTEC to learn from the mistakes of the BRI if it is to work as a viable alternative for countries in the Bay of Bengal region.

Pakistan-Afghanistan relations: going from bad to much worse

By Dr Claude Rakisits

All in all, the expulsion en masse of the Afghan refugees will make things worse, bilaterally, and quite possibly, regionally. Certainly, no one’s security will improve; if anything, it will further destabilise Afghanistan already tottering on the brink of collapse.

South Asia9DLNovember 21, 20239dashline, Dr Claude Rakisits, Pakistan-Afghanistan Relations: Going from Bad to Much Worse, government of pakistan, unlawful residents, mass expulsion, islamabad, 1.7 million Afghan nationals, 4 million Afghan refugees residing in Pakistan, Tehrik-i-Taliban Pakistan (TTP), Anwaarul Haq Kakar, afghan refugees, 300, 000 Afghan refugees, UN agencies, Human Rights Chief Volker Türk, Soviet Union invaded Afghanistan, 600, 000 Afghans, non-refoulement, Haji Nooruddin Azizi, Pakistan’s foreign minister, Jalil Abbas Jilani, Center for Research and Security Studies, Center for Research and Security Studies (CRSS), Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Balochistan, Emir of the Taliban, Hibatullah Akhundzada, Madrasas, Madrasas (Islamic seminaries) of Pakista, Baloch Liberation Army (BLA), Madrasas (Islamic seminaries) of Pakistan, terrorist attacks, Chinese workers, Belt and Road Initiative, 1.7 million Afghan refugees, antipathy towards Afghan nationals, Imran Khan, failed state, Pakistan-Afghanistan relations: going from bad to much worse

BIMSTEC: India’s unlikely regional security platform in the Bay of Bengal

Written by Tobias Scholz

The recent enhancement of security dialogues and mechanisms will continue to look inward by building trust, resilience, and capacity among BIMSTEC partners.

South Asia9DLNovember 14, 20239dashline, tobias scholz, BIMSTEC: India’s unlikely regional security platform in the Bay of Bengal, Bay of Bengal Initiative for Multi-Sectoral Technical and Economic Cooperation, the South Asian Association of Regional Cooperation (SAARC), India’s Look East policy, BIMSTEC’s security agenda, Counter Terrorism and Transnational Crime (CTTC, myanmar, Bangladesh, worsened Myanmar’s relations with Bangladesh and India, Convention on Cooperation in Combating International Terrorism, Transnational Organized Crime and Illicit Drug Trafficking, BIMSTEC Computer Emergency Response Team (CERT), Advanced Persistent Threat actors (APTs), CERT-to-CERT cooperation, QUAD, ASEAN’s Cybersecurity Skilling Programme, indo-pacific, India-Middle East-Europe Economic Corridor, China’s Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), G20 Summit in New Delhi, Ordnungsmacht, BIMSTEC member states

A looming challenge: Women in Pakistan’s terrorism landscape

Written by Dr Amira Jadoon and Iqraa Bukhari

A shift towards utilising female fighters for pragmatic reasons would not be without precedent, as evidenced in case studies of Boko Haram or Islamic State affiliates in Southeast Asia. Pakistan, in particular, presents a largely “untapped female operative market”.

Emerging Issues, South Asia9DLSeptember 29, 20239DashLine, A looming challenge: women in Pakistan’s terrorism landscape, AMIRA JADOON, Iqraa Bukhari, Pakistan, terrorism, political violence, women, woman, female, Jamia Hafsa, terrorist attacks, Counterterrorism Department (CTD), Pakistan Air Force, Badaber, Shari Baloch, University of Karachi, Confucius Institutes, Chinese, Turbat, Noor Jahan Baloch, Baloch Liberation Army (BLA), Balochistan, Majeed Brigade, suicide attacker, paramilitary troops, Taliban (TTP), gender, women in terrorism, anti-state, Islamic State, female recruits, gender-blind counterterrorism, counterterrorism, Afghan jihad, mothers, daughters, wives, Lashkar-e-Taiba (LeT), jihad, martyrdom, 9/11, Islamic State Khorasan, Afghanistan, Taliban, Baloch insurgency, Lashkar-e-Jhangvi, sectarian, Sardar Bahadur Khan Women’s University, Dera Ismail Khan, Mullah Fazlullah, Islamic State's Bushra Network, Middle East, Boko Haram, Southeast Asia, anti-feminist narratives, misogynistic, liberals, ethnonational, A looming challenge: Women in Pakistan’s terrorism landscape

Sri Lanka gradually returns to macroeconomic stability, but risks remain

Written by Anjali Hewapathage and Thilina Panduwawala

It may be true that Sri Lanka is on a path of economic recovery, but, despite the ambition and compliance to continue growth, it might prove challenging as risk factors play out both locally and globally.

South Asia9DLSeptember 25, 20239dashline, Sri Lanka gradually returns to macroeconomic stability, but risks remain, Anjali Hewapathage, Thilina Panduwawala, Sri Lanka, macroeconomic stability, IMF, Extended Fund Facility, EFF, domestic debt restructuring, DDR, domestic creditors, rupee, central bank, superannuation retirement funds, domestic banking system, private sector bond investors, interest rates, monetary easing, inflation, Central Bank of Sri Lanka, statutory reserve, economic recovery, economic growth, import restrictions, foreign exchange, tourism, inward remittances, revenue targets, expenditure targets, fiscal targets, fund disbursements, tax revenues, GDP ratio, pay-as-you-earn, PAYE, withholding taxes, tax revenue, property tax, wealth tax, revenue collection, tax collection authorities, interest expenditures, multilateral organisations, Asian Development Bank, World Bank, domestic financing, foreign exchange reserves, state-owned enterprises, SOEs, fiscal expenditure, cost-reflective energy reforms, SOE privatisation, Petroleum sector, Petroleum sector liberalisations, United Petroleum, RM Parks, Shell, economic ambition, IMF-backed reform agenda, reform agenda, superannuation funds, debt restructuring, cost of living crisis, costs of living, national elections, lagging economic recovery, private sector, high interest rates, bank loans, banking sector, non-performing loans, economic risks, El Niño phenomenon, South Asia, crude oil imports, hydroelectric power, economic volatility, climate risks, low-income households, social safety nets, social welfare, Sri Lankan economy, external debt repayments, external financing, restructured debt repayments, debt repayments, Sri Lanka gradually returns to macroeconomic stability but risks remain

India’s prolonged wait for MQ-9B drones ends

Written by Vedant Saigal

In the aftermath of the Galwan Valley clashes in 2020, the Indian Navy used two MQ-9 SeaGuardian drones to keep an eye on Chinese activity in the Indian Ocean Region.

South Asia9DLAugust 8, 20239dashline, India’s prolonged wait for MQ-9B drones ends, India, MQ-9B, drones, Defense Acquisition Council, DAC, Rajnath Singh, United States, Prime Minister Modi, General Atomics Aeronautical Systems Inc., GA-ASI, surveillance capabilities, Indian Ocean region, China, technology transfers, Gulf War, modern warfare, Unmanned Aerial Vehicles, UAVs, Manned and Unmanned Teaming, MUM-T, cyberattacks, cybercrimes, Russia-Ukraine war, UAV industry, tactical technology, battlefield surveillance, artillery spotting, reconnaissance, target acquisition, surveillance, unmanned drones, fighter jets, South Asia, Pakistan, Cai Hong-4, CH-4, Wing Loong-II, military infrastructure, predator drones, air-to-ground missiles, smart bombs, strike capabilities, Israeli drones, Intelligence, Reconnaissance, and Surveillance, ISR, Galwan Valley, Indian Navy, Indian Ocean Region, IOR, General Atomics, Djibouti, People’s Liberation Army Navy, PLAN, New Delhi, Chinese vessels, missile tests, Yuan Wang 6, Yuan Wang 5, Malacca, Lombok, Sunda, Unmanned Aerial Systems, remotely piloted aircraft system, RPAS, Indian Armed Forces, SkyGuardian, SkyGuardian drones, predator drone, MQ-9 Reaper, Fault-Tolerant Flight Control System, Triple Redundant Avionics System, Digital Electronic Engine Control, DEEC, defence expenditure, US-India military ties, US-India, technology, Vedant Saigal

India pushing for defence modernisation as its focus shifts to the Indo-Pacific

Written by Dr Vivek Mishra

To effectively counter threats from both China and Pakistan, India needs to maintain a twin-domain focus, enhancing its capabilities in both the continental and maritime domains.

Khan versus the rest: What lies ahead for Pakistan

Written by Syed Ali Zia Jaffery

The crisis can only end if the government realises that preventing people from exercising their right to vote will be counterproductive going forward.

Sri Lanka is finally on board with the IMF: What’s next?

Written by Nashalie De Silva and Thilina Panduwawala

It will be crucial to communicate the need for these tough reforms to voters and ensure that they benefit from the economic recovery.

South Asia9DLApril 17, 2023Sri Lanka is finally on board with the IMF: what’s next?, 9dashline, Nashalie De Silva, Thilina Panduwawala, Sri Lanka, International Monetary Fund, IMF, IMF Executive Board, Extended Fund Facility, IMF Staff-Level Agreement, economic crisis, economic recovery, debt, Debt trap, debt restructuring, debt relief, creditor, China, Debtbook Diplomacy, debt trap diplomacy, Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), India, Paris Club, China Development Bank (CDB), loans, COVID-19 pandemic, tax cut, USA, Export-Import Bank of China, moratorium, IMF Board Approval, IMF Debt Sustainability Analysis (DSA), IMF Staff Report, Letter of Intent, inflation, unsustainable public debt, Zambia, Ecuador, low-income country, market-access country, fiscal consolidation, populist politics, Gotabhaya Rajapaksa, technocrats, economic reforms, anti-corruption, Sri Lanka is finally on board with the IMF: What’s next?

Climate displacement in South Asia and India’s imperative to act

Written by Bhumika Sharma

Given the lack of international consensus, a unique opportunity exists for India to address the protection gap in South Asia’s policy regime for climate migrants.

South Asia9DLApril 12, 20239DashLine, Climate displacement in South Asia and India’s imperative to act, Bhumika Sharma, South Asia, climate vulnerability, climate change, floods in Pakistan, Pakistan, displacement, World Bank, climate-sensitive policies, climate-induced migration, internal displacement, Internally Displaced Persons, cross-border population movements, migration, climate-related risks, floods, salinity ingression, Bangladesh, India, climatically displaced persons, 2012 Nansen Initiative, Switzerland, Norway, humanitarian assistance, climate mobility, climate displacement contingencies, 1951 UN Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees, 1967 Protocol, IDPs, Kampala Convention, international human rights law, United Nations Human Rights Committee, Ioane Teitiota v. New Zealand, principle of non-refoulement, Kiribati, resource scarcity, economic insecurity, Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Global Warming, UN IPCC, United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), conflict, droughts, erratic rainfall, seasonal labour migration, income diversification, rising sea levels, cross-border transhumance arrangements, West Africa, Asian Development Bank, West Bengal, Assam, Tripura, Sundarbans Delta, trafficking, human trafficking, slavery, Nepal, Terai, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, seasonal migration, Maldives, Sri Lanka, Tamil Nadu, Palk Strait, humanitarian visas, relocation, resettlement, 2019 Citizenship Amendment Act

The Adani Group and India’s foreign policy

Written by Pranesh HP

India ought to ensure that it does not lose domestic integrity to corporate influence while chasing economic goals abroad, creating negative downstream implications for its foreign policy.

South Asia9DLMarch 31, 20239dashline, The Adani Group and India’s foreign policy, PRANESH HP, Adani Group, Hindenburg Research, Haifa, market value, South Asia, China, Belt and Road Initiative, BRI, state capital, private sector buy-in, India, Chinese foreign investments, multinational corporation, Gautam Adani, Kanti Bajpai, Modi, Prime Minister Modi, host nations, Chinese influence, Unsustainable debt, Chinese loans and investments, debt-trap diplomacy, Sri Lanka, Hambantota Port, protest, domestic factors, Shanakiyan Rasamanickam, Chinese debt, international investors, Indian state-run companies, poverty, weak infrastructure, infrastructure diplomacy, foreign investment portfolio, mass privatisation, Colombo Port, Rajapaksa government, Sri Lankan East Container project, Ceylon Electricity Board, Bangladesh, energy crisis, coal power plants, electricity, Indian Ministry of External Affairs, Tim Buckley, Carmichael coal mine, RN Bhaskar, crony capitalism, domestic integrity, corporate influence, The Adani Group and India’s foreign policy

Bite the hand that fed you: Imran Khan’s populist challenge for the military

Written by Marcus Andreopoulos

Out of office, Khan is proving to be a relentless source of pressure, first for Bajwa and now for Munir. Khan has accused the military of holding the country back during a time of economic and humanitarian catastrophe.

South Asia, Power Politics9DLFebruary 22, 20239DashLine, Bite the hand that fed you: Imran Khan’s populist challenge for the military, Marcus Andreopoulus, Pakistan, General Qamar Javed Bajwa, General Asim Munir, Chief of Army Staff (COAS), elections, military, tensions with India, Taliban, Afghanistan, Durand Line, Tehreek-i-Taliban Pakistan (TTP, Islamabad, military aid, Washington, united states, Beijing, Imran Khan, populism, populist rhetoric, Russia, mafia media, general election of 2018, Nawaz Sharif, Pakistan Muslim League (N), General Pervez Musharraf, 1999 military coup, Sharif and Bhutto Zardari dynasties, Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaaf (PTI), domestic policy, defence, security, and foreign policy, civilian government, financial crisis, military budget, celebrity politicians, Donald Trump, anti-establishment statements, corruption, political elite, cult of personality, us versus them, minority rights, equality, Islamic welfare state, geo-economics, Tehreek-e-Labbaik Pakistan (TLP), mob lynchings, blasphemy laws, primacy of the military, Chief Minister of Punjab Aleem Khan, military’s intelligence wing (ISI), Lieutenant General Faiz Hameed, Pakistani Prime Minister Zulfikar Ali Bhutto, General Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq, conspiracy, Arshad Sharif, United States Capitol